West Nile virus (WNV) is spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes.
Most people experience no symptoms or only mild fever, but in rare cases it can lead to serious illness, particularly among older adults or those with weakened immune systems.
With cases confirmed again this season in Andalucia, specifically in Mojacar (Almeria), here’s what you need to know to protect yourself.
1. Avoid mosquito bites
- Use repellent: Apply insect repellents containing DEET, picaridin, or IR3535 when outdoors, especially at dawn and dusk, when mosquitoes are most active.
- Cover up: Wear long-sleeved shirts and trousers if you’re near water or outdoors in the evening.
- Use barriers: Fit windows and doors with screens, and use mosquito nets if you sleep with windows open.
2. Eliminate breeding sites
- Remove standing water: Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water. Empty flowerpot trays, buckets, birdbaths, gutters, and pet bowls regularly.
- Maintain pools and ponds: Keep water treated and circulating to stop mosquitoes from laying eggs.
- Check your garden: Even small containers, tyres, or clogged drains can host larvae.
3. Protect your home and family
- Use fans indoors and outdoors: Mosquitoes are weak fliers; fans help keep them away.
- Protect children and vulnerable groups: Use mosquito nets on prams and beds, and apply age-appropriate repellents.
- Pets and horses: The virus can affect animals, especially horses. Consult vets about preventive measures.
4. Be extra vigilant in high-risk areas
The Junta de Andalucía publishes updates on towns at “high risk” or “alert” status for West Nile activity. If you live in or travel to these municipalities, take extra precautions.
5. What to do if you feel unwell
Most infections are mild, but symptoms can include fever, headache, body aches, or rash.
In rare cases, serious illness with neurological complications may occur. If you develop unusual symptoms after mosquito bites, especially severe headaches or confusion, seek medical help immediately.
