With outbreaks of avian flu confirmed in several Andalucian parks – including Seville’s Parque del Tamarguillo and now suspected in the Real Alcazar and Miraflores – concerns are growing over what this virus means for both wildlife and people.
It comes as a park in Malaga has also been closed following the discovery of dead birds, with test results pending.
READ MORE: Sevilla closes major tourist attraction over avian flu fears
Here’s what you need to know.
What is avian flu?
Avian flu, or avian influenza, is a highly contagious viral disease that mainly affects wild and domestic birds such as ducks, geese, chickens and turkeys. The virus belongs to the influenza A family, with the H5N1 strain among the most feared due to its ability to cause severe illness and rapid death in birds.
The disease spreads quickly through bird populations via secretions, droppings and contaminated water. In urban parks with lakes and ponds, where many birds gather, the virus can spread particularly fast.
Can humans catch it?
Yes, but human cases are extremely rare. Globally, infections have mostly occurred in people who had direct, unprotected contact with sick birds, carcasses or contaminated environments. According to Spain’s Ministry of Health, there has never been sustained human-to-human transmission, meaning the virus does not spread easily between people.
The World Health Organization (WHO) classifies the risk to the general public as very low. In Spain, only those who handle sick or dead birds – such as vets, park workers or farmers – are considered at slightly higher risk, and even then, protective equipment and hygiene measures significantly reduce the danger.
What are the symptoms in people?
When transmission to humans does occur, symptoms can range from mild conjunctivitis to severe respiratory illness. Warning signs include:
- Fever
- Cough and sore throat
- Muscle aches
- Breathing difficulties
Anyone who has been in contact with dead or sick birds and develops these symptoms should contact health services immediately.
What precautions are being taken?
In Sevilla, local authorities have temporarily closed affected parks, removed dead birds under biosecurity measures and reinforced monitoring across public green spaces.
The Junta de Andalucia has activated the official avian influenza surveillance protocol, which includes testing animals, analysing water samples and monitoring people who may have been exposed. A handful of residents are currently under precautionary follow-up, though no human cases have been reported.
How can the public stay safe?
Health officials recommend:
- Avoid touching or feeding wild birds in parks and public spaces.
- Do not handle bird carcasses; instead, report them to local authorities.
- Wash hands frequently, especially after being outdoors.
- Follow park closures and municipal advisories.
